Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 50. Chapters: 80 PLUS, AC adapter, Battery eliminator, Cathodic protection rectifier, Compensated pulsed alternator, Constant power circuit, DC-to-DC converter, Dependent source, Modular power supply unit, PC power management, Powered USB, Power mode rejection ratio, Power supply rejection ratio, Power supply unit (computer), Switched-mode power supply, Switched-mode power supply applications, Tesla coil, Welding power supply. Excerpt: A Tesla coil is an electrical resonant transformer circuit invented by Nikola Tesla around 1891. It is used to produce high-voltage, low-current, high frequency alternating-current electricity. Tesla coils can produce higher voltages than other artificial sources of high-voltage discharges, electrostatic machines. Tesla experimented with a number of different configurations consisting of two, or sometimes three, coupled resonant electric circuits. Tesla used these coils to conduct innovative experiments in electrical lighting, phosphorescence, x-ray generation, high frequency alternating current phenomena, electrotherapy, and the transmission of electrical energy without wires. Tesla coil circuits were used commercially in sparkgap radio transmitters for wireless telegraphy until the 1920s, and in pseudomedical equipment such as electrotherapy and violet ray devices. Today their main use is for entertainment and educational displays. A Tesla coil transformer operates in a significantly different fashion from a conventional (i.e., iron core) transformer. In a conventional transformer, the windings are very tightly coupled and voltage gain is determined by the ratio of the numbers of turns in the windings. This works well at normal voltages but, at high voltages, the insulation between the two sets of windings is easily broken down and this prevents iron cored transformers from running at extremely high voltages without damage. Unlike those of a conventional transformer (which may couple 97%+ of the fields between windings), a Tesla coil's windings are "loosely" coupled, with a large air gap, and thus the primary and secondary typically share only 10-20% of their respective magnetic fields. Instead of a tight coupling, the coil transfers energy (via loose coupling) from one oscillating resonant circuit (the primary) to the other (the secondary) over a number of RF cycles. As the primary energy transfers to the secondary, the secondary's output voltage increases until

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